RECTIFICATION (BRIDGE RECTIFIER)

Various Type of Bridge Rectifier and Diode

-     There are several ways of connecting diodes to make a rectifier to convert AC to DC. Rectifiers may be made of solid state diodes, vacuum tube diodes, mercury arc valves, and other components.

-     A device which performs the opposite function (converting DC to AC) is known as an inverter.

-     The bridge rectifier is the most important and it produces full-wave varying DC. A full-wave rectifier can also be made from just two diodes if a centre-tap transformer is used, but this method is rarely used now that diodes are cheaper. A single diode can be used as a rectifier but it only uses the positive (+) parts of the AC wave to produce half-wave varying DC.  

BRIDGE RECTIFIER

     A bridge rectifier can be made using four individual diodes, but it is also available in special packages containing the four diodes required. It is called a full-wave rectifier because it uses all the AC wave (both positive and negative sections). 1.4V is used up in the bridge rectifier because each diode uses 0.7V when conducting and there are always two diodes conducting, as shown in the diagram below. Bridge rectifiers are rated by the maximum current they can pass and the maximum reverse voltage they can withstand (this must be at least three times the supply RMS voltage so the rectifier can withstand the peak voltages).

SINGLE DIODE RECTIFIER

     A single diode can be used as a rectifier but this produces half-wave varying DC which has gaps when the AC is negative. It is hard to smooth this sufficiently well to supply electronic circuits unless they require a very small current so the smoothing capacitor does not significantly discharge during the gaps.

CONCLUSION

Bridge Rectifier Symbol

In this project,bridge rectifier used four diode (IN 4007):

Add fuse for provide overcurrent protection, of either the load or source circuit.