TRANSFORMER..

CONTENT

Various Type of Transformer

 -   A transformer is a piece of equipment that transform electrical power from one circuit to another circuit without changing the supply frequency and without any electrical connection.


-   Transformers convert AC electricity from one voltage to another with little loss of power. Transformers work only with AC and this is one of the reasons why mains electricity is AC.


-   Step-up transformers increase voltage, step-down transformers reduce voltage. Most power supplies use a step-down transformer to reduce the dangerously high mains voltage (240V in Malaysia) to a safer low voltage.


-   The input coil is called the primary and the output coil is called the secondary. There is no electrical connection between the two coils, instead they are linked by an alternating magnetic field created in the soft-iron core of the transformer. The two lines in the middle of the circuit symbol represent the core.


-   Transformers waste very little power so the power out is (almost) equal to the power in. Note that as voltage is stepped down current is stepped up.

-     The ratio of the number of turns on each coil, called the turns ratio, determines the ratio of the voltages. A step-down transformer has a large number of turns on its primary (input) coil which is connected to the high voltage mains supply, and a small number of turns on its secondary (output) coil to give a low output voltage. 

turns ratio =	Vp	=	Np	and	power out = power in
	Vs		Ns		Vs × Is = Vp × Ip

Vp = primary (input) voltage Np = number of turns on primary coil Ip  = primary (input) current

Vs = secondary (output) voltage Ns = number of turns on secondary coil Is  = secondary (output) current

    

     

  turns ratio = 

Vp

 = 

Np

   and   

power out = power in   

Vs

Ns

Vs × Is = Vp × Ip

Vp = primary (input) voltage
Np = number of turns on primary coil
Ip  = primary (input) current

   

Vs = secondary (output) voltage
Ns = number of turns on secondary coil
Is  = secondary (output) current

CONCLUSION

Transformer of Circuit Symbol

In this project, the transformer is a main component which as supply voltage on my project: